A bigha in Uttar Pradesh is not a bigha in West Bengal, a katha in Bihar is nearly twice a katha in Kolkata, and "gaj" means square yards to a Delhi broker and something vaguer to everyone else. Land deals, agricultural leases, property tax notices and Google Maps measurements all speak different units, and the conversion mistakes cost lakhs. This converter translates between square feet, square metres, square yards (gaj), acres, hectares, bigha, biswa, katha, dhur, guntha, cent, ground, kanal and marla, with state-specific definitions for the traditional units, entirely in your browser.
The standard units
| Unit | Equivalent |
|---|---|
| 1 square metre | 10.764 sq ft |
| 1 square yard (gaj) | 9 sq ft = 0.836 sq m |
| 1 acre | 43,560 sq ft = 4,840 sq yd = 4,046.86 sq m = 0.4047 ha |
| 1 hectare | 10,000 sq m = 2.471 acres = 107,639 sq ft |
| 1 guntha (Maharashtra, Karnataka, Gujarat) | 1,089 sq ft; 40 guntha = 1 acre |
| 1 cent (Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka) | 435.6 sq ft; 100 cents = 1 acre |
| 1 ground (Tamil Nadu) | 2,400 sq ft |
| 1 kanal (Punjab, Haryana, HP, J&K) | 5,445 sq ft; 8 kanal = 1 acre |
| 1 marla | 272.25 sq ft; 20 marla = 1 kanal |
Bigha, katha and biswa by state
| State | 1 bigha | 1 katha / biswa |
|---|---|---|
| Uttar Pradesh (pucca) | 27,225 sq ft (20 biswa) | 1 biswa = 1,361 sq ft |
| Uttar Pradesh (kachha, parts of west UP) | 6,806 sq ft | — |
| Bihar | 27,220 sq ft (20 katha) | 1 katha = 1,361 sq ft; 1 dhur = 68 sq ft |
| West Bengal | 14,400 sq ft (20 katha) | 1 katha = 720 sq ft; 1 chatak = 45 sq ft |
| Assam | 14,400 sq ft (5 katha) | 1 katha = 2,880 sq ft; 1 lecha = 144 sq ft |
| Rajasthan (pucca / kachha) | 27,225 / 17,424 sq ft | 1 biswa = 1,361 / 871 sq ft |
| Punjab, Haryana | 9,070 sq ft (1,008 sq yd); 4.8 bigha = 1 acre | 1 biswa = 453 sq ft |
| Gujarat | 17,424 sq ft | — |
| Madhya Pradesh | 12,000 sq ft | — |
| Himachal Pradesh | 8,712 sq ft | — |
| Uttarakhand | 6,804 sq ft | — |
Even within a state, revenue records may use a local variant; always confirm the definition on the khasra/khatauni or 7/12 extract for the specific village before agreeing a price per bigha.
How to use the converter
- Enter the area and select the unit. For traditional units, select the state to load the right definition.
- Choose the target unit — or read the full conversion table that appears for every unit at once.
- Use the price mode to convert a rate: ₹12 lakh per bigha (UP) becomes a per-sq-ft or per-acre figure you can compare across listings.
- Copy the result into your offer letter, the service quote for a survey, or the sale deed draft.
Where conversions matter
- Agricultural deals: quoted per bigha or acre; loan eligibility and crop insurance use hectares.
- Plots and flats: builders quote super built-up in sq ft; RERA carpet area is in sq m; stamp duty circle rates are per sq m or per sq yd.
- Property tax and building plans: municipal FSI/FAR calculations run in sq m.
- Commercial leases: rent per sq ft per month; the rent receipt and GST invoice for commercial rent need the area only for reference, but disputes start with it.
- Registration: the deed must state the area in the unit used in revenue records, usually with a metric equivalent.
Tips
- Ask sellers "which bigha?" and get the sq ft or sq m equivalent in writing.
- Measure large plots with a total station or DGPS survey; phone GPS errs by 3–10 m.
- For carpet vs built-up vs super built-up, expect loading of 20–35% in apartments; convert all three before comparing per-sq-ft rates.
- Circle-rate calculators on state registration portals use sq m — convert first, then check stamp duty.
Buying or leasing property for a business also raises structure and cash questions — see Proprietorship vs LLP vs Private Limited on who should hold the asset, and Cash transaction limits under income tax before any part of the price is paid in cash.
Related tools
- Percentage calculator — loading percentages and price differences.
- EMI calculator — the home or land loan.
- Currency converter — NRIs converting purchase budgets.
- Rent receipt generator — for the property once leased.
- Service quote builder — surveyors and architects quoting by area.